Patient characteristics refer to the various individual factors that can impact a person's health, healthcare experience, and outcomes. These characteristics may include demographic information such as age, sex, race, and socioeconomic status, as well as medical history, comorbidities, lifestyle factors, and genetic predispositions. Research in patient characteristics seeks to understand how these factors influence healthcare utilization, treatment effectiveness, and overall health outcomes. This information can help healthcare providers personalize care and interventions for individual patients, leading to more effective and efficient healthcare delivery. Additionally, studying patient characteristics can help identify disparities in healthcare access and outcomes, ultimately informing policies and interventions aimed at improving health equity.